Om, or Aum, is the root mantra and primal sound from which all creation issues forth. It is associated with Lord Ganesha. Its three syllables stand at the beginning and end of every sacred verse, every human act.
Om或 Aum，是一切造物由此产生的根咒和原初声音，它与主甘尼萨有关，其三个音节出现于每首圣诗、每个人类行为的起始。Ganesha is the Lord of Obstacles and Ruler of Dharma. Seated upon His throne, He guides our karmas through creating and removing obstacles from our path. We seek His permission and blessings in every undertaking.
甘尼萨是障碍之主和正法裁定者，他坐在其宝座上，通过创造和清除我们道路上的障碍来引导我们的业力，我们在每件事上都寻求他的许可和赐福。Vata, the banyan tree, Ficus indicus, symbolizes Hinduism, which branches out in all directions, draws from many roots, spreads shade far and wide, yet stems from one great trunk. Siva as Silent Sage sits beneath it.
榕树（Vata），印度无花果树，象征着印度教向四面八方伸展，它从许多根上汲取养分，广为播撒树荫，而它只有一根大树干，湿婆神作为沉默圣人坐于其下。三道圣纹（Tripundra）和神性点（Bindu）
Tripundra is a Saivite's great mark, three stripes of white vibhuti on the brow. This holy ash signifies purity and the burning away of anava, karma and maya. The bindu, or dot, at the third eye quickens spiritual insight.
三道圣纹（Tripundra）是湿婆派（Saivite）的伟大标志，其额头上有三道白色的圣灰（vibhuti）条纹，该圣灰象征着纯洁，焚尽积习（anava）、业力（karma）和幻相（maya）。位于第三眼的神性点（bindu）加快灵性洞察力。Nataraja is Siva as "King of Dance." Carved in stone or cast in bronze, His ananda tandava, the fierce ballet of bliss, dances the cosmos into and out of existence within the fiery arch of flames denoting consciousness.
纳塔拉贾（Nataraja）是湿婆神 “舞王”之相，用石头或青铜雕刻而成，他的阿南达·坦达瓦（ananda tandava）是激烈的极乐之舞，在象征意识的烈焰拱门内，舞蹈宇宙进入和退出存在。Mayil, "peacock," is Lord Murugan's mount,swift and beautiful like Karttikeya Himself. The proud display of the dancing peacock symbolizes religion in full, unfolded glory. His shrill cry warns of approaching harm.
孔雀（Mayil）是摩罗根神的坐骑，像他本尊一样敏捷而美丽。舞蹈孔雀的骄傲展示象征着宗教充分展现的荣耀，孔雀尖叫声是临近危险的预警。Nandi is Lord Siva's mount, or vahana. This huge white bull with a black tail, whose name means "joyful," disciplined animality kneeling at Siva's feet, is the ideal devotee, the pure joy and strength of Saiva Dharma.
南迪（Nandi）是湿婆神的坐骑（vahana），这头硕大白牛长着黑尾巴，其名字意即“喜悦”，驯服的动物跪在湿婆足下，是湿婆正法的理想奉献者，纯粹的喜悦和力量。Bilva is the bael tree. Its fruit, flowers and leaves are all sacred to Siva, liberation's summit. Planting Aegle marmelos trees around home or temple is sanctifying, as is worshiping a Linga with bilva leaves and water.
印度枳树（Bilva）的果实、花朵和叶子是供奉湿婆的圣物，解脱之顶点。在家里或寺庙周围种植木橘树（Aegle marmelos）是神圣的，因为要用枳树叶子和水来供奉林伽。Padma is the lotus flower, Nelumbo nucifera, perfection of beauty, associated with Deities and the chakras, especially the 1,000-petaled 'sahasrara.' Rooted in the mud, its blossom is a promise of purity and unfoldment.
莲花（Padma）完美之美，与神灵和脉轮有关，尤其是1000瓣顶轮（sahasrara）。它根植于污泥，而其绽放是纯洁和舒展的承诺。Swastika is the symbol of auspiciousness and good fortune-literally, "It is well." The right-angled arms of this ancient sun-sign denote the indirect way that Divinity is apprehended: by intuition and not by intellect.
万字符（Swastika）是吉祥和好运的象征，字面意思是“很好”。这个古老的太阳符号的直角部分表示神性被领会的间接方式：通过直觉而非通过智力。Mahakala, "Great Time," presides above creation's golden arch. Devouring instants and eons, with a ferocious face, Heis Time beyond time, reminder of this world's transitoriness, that sin and suffering will pass.
“伟大时代”（ Mahakala）凌驾于创造的金色拱门之上，他以凶猛面孔吞噬着瞬间和永恒，他超越时间，提醒着这个世界的短暂，罪恶和苦难终将过去。Ankusha, the goad held in Lord Ganesha's right hand, is used to remove obstacles from dharma's path. It is the force by which all wrongful things are repelled from us, the sharp prod which spurs the dullards onward.
甘尼萨神右手握着的法器（Ankusha），用来清除正法道路上的障碍，它是祛除我们一切不当事物的力量，是鞭策愚钝者前进的利刃。Anjali, the gesture of two hands brought together near the heart, means to "honor or celebrate." It is our Hindu greeting,two joined as one, the bringing together of matter and spirit, the self meeting the Self in all.
将双手在心脏近处行合十礼（Anjali），意即“尊敬或赞美”，这是印度教徒的问候礼，二合一，物质和精神的结合，自我与自我会合。'Go,' the cow, is a symbol of the earth, the nourisher, the ever-giving, undemanding provider. To the Hindu, all animals are sacred,and we acknowledge this reverence of life in our special affection for the gentle cow.
母牛（Go）是大地的象征，是滋养者者，是永远给予、不求回报的供给者。对印度教徒而言，一切动物都是神圣的，我们承认这种对生命的崇敬，表现为对温顺母牛的特殊感情。Mankolam, the pleasing paisley design, is modeled after amango and associated with Lord Ganesha. Mangos are the sweetest of fruits,symbolizing auspiciousness and the happy fulfillment of legitimate worldly desires.
赏心悦目的旋涡纹图案（Mankolam）模仿芒果形状，与主甘尼萨有关。芒果是最甜蜜的水果，象征着吉祥如意和正当世俗欲望的圆满。Shatkona, "six-pointed star," is two interlocking triangles; the upper stands for Siva, 'purusha' (male energy) and fire, the lower for Shakti, 'prakriti' (female power) and water. Their union gives birth to Sanatkumara, whose sacred number is six.
六角星（Shatkona）是两个互锁的三角形，上面三角形代表湿婆男性能量（purusha）和火，下面三角形代表萨克蒂女性能量（prakriti）和水，他们的结合产生了Sanatkumara，其神圣数字是6。Mushika is Lord Ganesha's mount, the mouse,traditionally associated with abundance in family life. Under cover of darkness, seldom visible yet always at work, Mushika is like God's unseen grace in our lives.
老鼠（Musika）是甘尼萨神的坐骑，传统上与家庭生活的富庶有关。在黑暗的掩护下，老鼠很少被看见，而它总是在工作，就像神在我们生命中未显的恩典。Konrai, Golden Shower, blossoms are the flowering symbol of Siva's honeyed grace in our life. Associated with His shrines and temples through out India, the Cassia fistula is lauded in numberless Tirumurai hymns.
金色雨（Konrai），绽放是在我们生命中湿婆神的甘甜恩典的象征，与他遍及印度各地的神殿和寺庙有关，阿勃勒树（Cassia fistula）在无数的Tirumurai赞美诗中受到赞颂。Homakunda, the fire altar, is the symbol of ancient Vedic rites. It is through the fire element, denoting divine consciousness,that we make offerings to the Gods. Hindu sacraments are solemnized before the homa fire.
火供祭坛（Homakunda）是古代吠陀仪式的象征，藉由火元素象征着神圣意识，我们向神奉献，在火供前举行的印度教圣礼是庄严的。Ghanta is the bell used in ritual puja, which engages all senses, including hearing. Its ringing summons the Gods, stimulates the inner ear and reminds us that, like sound, the world may be perceived but not possessed.
铃铛（Ghanta）用于普祭仪式，涉及包括听觉在内的所有感官，其鸣响召唤神灵，刺激内耳，提醒我们这个世界就像声音一样可以被感知，却不能被拥有。'Gopuras' are the towering stone gateways through which pilgrims enter the South Indian temple. Richly ornamented with myriad sculptures of the divine pantheon, their tiers symbolize the several planes of existence.
Gopura是高耸的石门，朝圣者通过它进入南印度寺庙，装饰着无数的神殿雕塑，其层数象征着存在的几个层面。Kalasha, a husked coconut circled by five mango leaves on a pot, is used in puja to represent any God, especially Lord Ganesha.Breaking a coconut before His shrine is the ego's shattering to reveal the sweet fruit inside.
圣壶上放置带壳椰子，以五片芒果叶环绕，用于普祭中代表任何神，特别是甘尼萨神。在他的神龛前打碎椰子，粉碎私我，露出里面甜美的果实。'Kuttuvilaku,' the standing oil lamp, symbolizes the dispelling of ignorance and awakening of the divine light within us. Its soft glow illumines the temple or shrine room, keeping the atmosphere pure andserene.
竖立油灯（Kuttuvilaku）象征着无知的驱散和神圣之光在我们内在觉醒，其柔和灯光照亮了寺庙或神龛，使气氛纯净安详。'Kamandalu,' the water vessel, is carried by the Hindu monastic. It symbolizes his simple, self-contained life, his freedom from worldly needs, his constant 'sadhana' and 'tapas' (devotion and austerity) and his oath to seek God everywhere.
水壶（Kamandalu）被印度教僧侣携带，它象征着他简单、独立的生活，他从世俗需求中解脱出来，他不断的“做功课”（ sadhana）和“苦修”（ tapas虔诚和苦行），以及他发誓四处遍寻神。Tiruvadi, the sacred sandals worn by saints, sages and satgurus, symbolize the preceptor's holy feet, which are the source of his grace. Prostrating before him, we humbly touch his feet for release from worldliness.
圣人、贤哲和古鲁所穿的圣履，象征着导师的圣足，这是他恩典之源。我们顶礼他，谦卑地摸他的足，以求从世俗中解脱。'Trikona,' the triangle, is a symbol of God Siva which,like the Sivalinga, denotes His Absolute Being. It represents the element fire and portrays the process of spiritual ascent and liberation spoken of in scripture.
三角形（Trikona）是湿婆神的象征，就像湿婆林加一样，代表他的绝对存在。它代表了火元素，扮演着经典中提到的灵性提升和解脱的过程。Seval is the noble red rooster who heralds each dawn,calling all to awake and arise. He is a symbol of the imminence of spiritual unfoldment and wisdom. As a fighting cock, he crows from Lord Skanda's battle flag.
红公鸡（Seval）是高贵的红色公鸡，它在每个黎明前召唤所有人醒来和起来，它是灵性展开和智慧即将来临的象征，他作为雄鸡在战神（Skanda）的战旗上啼叫。Rudraksha seeds, Eleocarpus ganitrus, are prized as the compassionate tears Lord Siva shed for mankind's suffering. Saivites wear'malas' (necklaces) of them always as a symbol of God's love, chanting on each bead, "Aum Namah Sivaya."
金刚菩提子（Eleocarpus ganitrus）被视为湿婆神为人类苦难所流下的慈悲眼泪，湿婆信徒总是戴此念珠（malas），作为神之爱的象征，在捻每颗珠子时念诵 Aum Namah Sivaya。Chandra is the moon, ruler of the watery realms and of emotion, testing place of migrating souls. Surya is the sun, ruler of intellect, source of truth. One is 'pingala' (yellow) and lights the day; the other is 'ida' (white) and lights the night.
月亮（Chandra）主掌水领域和情感，测试迁移灵魂的地方。太阳（Surya）主掌智慧、真理之源。一个是黄光（pingala）照亮白天，另一个是白光（ida）照亮黑夜。 Vel, the holy lance, is Lord Murugan's protective power, our safe guard in adversity. Its tip is wide, long and sharp, signifying incisive discrimination and spiritual knowledge, which must be broad, deep and penetrating.
圣矛（Vel）是摩罗根神（Murugan）的保护力量，是我们在逆境中的保障。它的尖端宽、长、尖，象征着深刻的鉴别力和灵性知识必须是宽广的、深刻的、有穿透力的。'Trishula,' Siva's trident carried by Himalayan yogis,is the royal scepter of the Saiva Dharma (Shaivite religion). Its triple prongs betoken desire, action and wisdom; ida, pingala andsushumna；and the'gunas'--'sattva, rajas and tamas.'
喜玛拉雅瑜伽士携带的湿婆三叉戟（Trishula），是湿婆正法（湿婆派宗教）的权杖，其三叉象征着欲望、行动、智慧；三脉——左脉（ida）、右脉（pingala）、中脉（sushumna）；三德（gunas）——萨埵（sattva）、罗阇（rajas）和答磨（tamas）。Naga, the cobra, is a symbol of 'kundalini' power,cosmic energy coiled and slumbering within man. It inspires seekers to overcome misdeeds and suffering by lifting the serpent power up the spine into God Realization.
眼镜蛇（Naga）是“昆达里尼”力量的象征，宇宙能量盘绕在人体内沉睡，通过提升此蛇力量至脊椎进入神性觉悟，从而激励探求者克服恶行和痛苦。Dhvaja, 'flag,' is the saffron/ orange or red banner flown above temples, at festivals and in processions. It is a symbol of victory, signal to all that "Sanatana Dharma shall prevail." The saffron color betokens the sun's life-giving glow.
在节日和游行中，飘扬在寺庙上空的藏红花色∕橙色或红色的旗帜（Dhwaja）是胜利的象征，向所有的人发出信号“永恒正法（Sanatana Dharma）必胜”，橘红色象征着太阳赋予生命的光芒。Kalachakra, 'wheel, or circle, of time,' is the symbol of perfect creation, of the cycles of existence. Time and space are inter woven,and eight spokes mark the directions, each ruled by a Deity and having a unique quality.
时间之轮（Kalachakra）是完美创造的象征，是存在的循环，时间和空间交织在一起，八根辐条标明方向，每个辐条由一位神主掌，具有独特的品质。Sivalinga is the ancient mark or symbol of God. This elliptical stone is a formless form betokening Parashiva, That which can never be described or portrayed. The 'pitha,' pedestal, represents Siva's manifest'Parashakti' (power).
湿婆林伽（Sivalinga）是古代神之标志或象征，该椭圆石头象征那永远无法被描述的至上湿婆（Parashiva）的无形形式，基座（pitha）代表湿婆显化力量至上萨克蒂（Parashakti）。'Modaka,' a round, lemon-sized sweet made of rice,coconut, sugar and spices, is a favorite treat of Ganesha. Esoterically, it corresponds to siddhi (attainment or fulfillment), the gladdening contentment of pure joy.
甜食（Modaka）由大米、椰子、糖和香料制成的柠檬大小的圆形甜点是甘尼萨的最爱，它神秘地对应着成就或圆满（siddhi），那令人满足的纯粹喜悦。Pasha, tether or noose, represents the soul's three-fold bondage of 'anava, karma and maya.' Pasha is the all-important force or fetter by which God (Pati, envisioned as a cowherd) brings souls (pashu, or cows)along the path to Truth.
套索（Pasha）代表灵魂的三重束缚：积习（anava）、业力（karma）、幻相（maya），它是一种非常重要的力量或束缚，通过它，神（Pati牧童形象）将灵魂（pashu或牛）引至真理之途。Hamsa, vehicle of Brahma, is the swan (more accurately,the wild goose, Aser indicus). It is a noble symbol for the soul, and for adept renunciates, Paramahamsa, winging high above the mundane and diving straight to the goal.
梵天的坐骑是天鹅（更准确地说是野鹅Aser斑头雁），它是灵魂、资深弃绝者的高贵象征，至尊天鹅（Paramahamsa）超越世俗，直奔目标。【湿婆】史上第一位瑜伽士︱湿婆装饰的象征和意义︱如果你想见到Shiva，你可以学习按照他的方式去见他，或是让自己消融
