原文：https://plantbasednews.org/news/environment/spain-minister-less-meat-planet/
注：译文谨供参考。

Spanish Minister Urges Public To Eat Less Meat To Help Protect The Planet
西班牙部长呼吁公众少吃肉以帮助保护地球

Alberto Garzón sparked debate after encouraging Spain, the EU’s biggest consumer of meat, to shift its diet.
阿尔贝托·加尔松（Alberto Garzón）鼓励欧盟最大的肉类消费国西班牙改变饮食方式，由此引发了人们的争论。

by Jemima Webber
作者：Jemima Webber

28th December 2021
2021年12月28日

People in Spain have been urged to lower their meat intake to help tackle the climate crisis. Failure to effectively address climate breakdown would not only damage the planet further, but could harm the Spanish tourism industry too, a government official warned.
西班牙人被敦促减少肉类摄入量，以帮助应对气候危机（climate crisis）。该国的一名政府官员警告称，若无法有效解决气候崩溃（climate breakdown）问题，不仅会进一步破坏地球，而且还可能损害西班牙的旅游业。

The Spanish Minister of Consumer Affairs, Alberto Garzón, spoke to the Guardian about the growingly urgent matter. He explained that in Spain, the environmental impact of food has long been brushed aside.
西班牙消费者事务部的部长阿尔贝托·加尔松（Alberto Garzón）向《卫报》谈论了这件日益紧迫的事情。他解释说，在西班牙，食物对环境的影响长期被忽视了。

“People here know about the part that greenhouse gases play in climate change, but they tend to link it to cars and transport,” Garzón told the publication.
加尔松向该出版物透露：“这里的人们也知道温室气体在气候变化（climate change）当中所起的作用，但他们倾向于将其与汽车和交通联系起来。”

“It was only very recently that everyone started to look at the impact of the animal consumer chain and, especially, at the impact of beef. Other countries were pretty advanced on that but in Spain it’s been a taboo.”
“直到最近，人人才开始关注动物消费链（对环境）的影响，特别是牛肉的影响。其他国家在这方面已取得很大进步，但在西班牙这向来是一个忌讳的话题。”

In September, a report found that 20 livestock companies are to blame for more greenhouse gas emissions than entire countries – including Britain, France, or Germany.
九月份的一份报告发现，20家畜牧公司所造成的温室气体排放量超过了英国、法国或德国等整个国家的。

Moreover, the five largest meat and milk producers were found to be responsible for the same volume of greenhouse gases as Exxon, one of the largest oil and gas companies on the planet.
此外，全球五家最大的肉类和奶类生产商总共排放的温室气体数量也非常多，相当于世界上最大的石油和天然气公司之一的埃克森美孚（ExxonMobil）的排放量。

“If we don’t act, it won’t just be climate change we’re dealing with – it’ll be the triple crisis: the loss of biodiversity, pollution, and climate change,” the minister said.
该名部长表示：“如果我们不采取行动，我们要应对的将不仅仅是气候变化──而是三重危机：生物多样性丧失、污染和气候变化。”

Spain’s tourism industry
西班牙的旅游业

Spain’s terrain makes it particularly vulnerable to symptoms of the climate crisis, Garzón notes.
加尔松指出，西班牙的地理条件使得本国特别容易受到气候危机的影响。

“It would be the end for a country like Spain. Spain is a country in the Mediterranean basin – it isn’t the UK or Germany – and desertification is a very serious problem for our country, not least because it depends so much on tourism. Visiting a desert isn’t quite as attractive as visiting the Costa del Sol,” he said to the Guardian.
他告诉《卫报》：“（搞不好的话，）像西班牙这样的国家就要完蛋。西班牙是一个位于地中海盆地的国家──跟英国和德国不一样──我们国家的荒漠化是一个非常严重的问题，特别是由于本国严重依赖旅游业。参观沙漠可不像游览阳光海岸（Costa del Sol）那么吸引人。”

Garzón takes particular issue with “mega-farms.”
加尔松特别反对“巨型养殖场”。

“They find a village in a depopulated bit of Spain and put in 4,000, or 5,000, or 10,000 head of cattle. They pollute the soil, they pollute the water and then they export this poor quality meat from these ill-treated animals,” the politician explained.
这位政治家解释说：“他们在西班牙人烟稀少的地方找了一处村庄，（大量密集）圈养4000、5000或者10000头牛。他们污染土壤，污染水源，然后出口用这些受虐待动物生产的劣质肉。”

Backlash
强烈反应

In July, Garzón introduced a campaign encouraging people to eat less meat. At the time, he highlighted that Spain consumes more meat than any other EU country.
在七月份，加尔松发起了一项鼓励人们少吃肉的运动。他当时强调，西班牙的肉类消费量高于其他任何一个欧盟国家的。

Around 70 million pigs, cows, sheep, goats, horses and birds are slaughtered for food in Spain every year. Further, 15,000 liters of water are required to produce just one kilogram of meat, he said.
西班牙每年屠宰大约7000万头猪、牛、绵羊、山羊、马和禽类动物用作食物。他还说，仅生产一公斤肉就需要消耗15,000升水。

The environmental campaign was met with criticism. When Spain’s own prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, was questioned about the initiative, he quipped: “Speaking personally, a medium-rare steak is hard to beat.”
该项环保运动遭到了（肉食者的）批评。被问到关于少吃肉的看法时，西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sánchez）嘲笑说：“就我个人而言，三分熟牛排是无与伦比的。”

In the most recent Guardian interview, Garzón noted that it was men who were dishing out the majority of criticism. The minister guessed that they “felt their masculinity would be affected by not being able to eat a piece of meat or have a barbecue.”
加尔松在最近接受《卫报》采访时指出，大部分的批评来自男人们。这位部长推断，他们“觉得若没吃着一块肉或者没有了烧烤活动，自己的男子汉气概（masculinity）就会受到影响。”

“We knew from the start that the issue would be controversial, but it needed to be done,” he added. “Other countries – like Germany, the UK and France – are well ahead of us on this. This was the first time in Spain that someone in the government was saying what the scientists have been saying for a long time.”
“我们从一开始就知道问题会引起争论，但它需要被解决，”他补充说。“其他国家──例如德国、英国和法国──在这方面遥遥领先于我们。这回是西班牙第一次有政府里的人说出了科学家们长期以来一直在说的话。”

In 2018, Oxford researchers published the largest-ever analysis of farming’s impact on the planet. Lead researcher Joseph Poore concluded that: “A vegan diet is probably the single biggest way to reduce your impact on planet Earth, not just greenhouse gases, but global acidification, eutrophication, land use and water use.”
牛津大学的研究人员在2018年发表了关于农业对地球影响的最全面的分析报告。首席研究员约瑟夫·普尔（Joseph Poore）得出了以下结论：“实行纯素饮食可能是减少个人对地球影响的唯一最大途径──不仅在温室气体方面，而且在全球酸化、水体富营养化、用地和用水方面都是如此。”

进一步阅读：

请不要以为“吃肉是享受”
https://www.suchaoren.com/wei-sushi-41347

素食是冷却地球的最佳选择
http://fodizi.net/qt/qita/6696.html